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(More customer reviews)...1934 - 1946 is simply superb. This impressive and sizeable volume devotes as much text to the USN's first purpose built carrier as Norman Friedman devotes to the entire class in his excellent design history, "U.S. Aircraft Carriers." By his own admission, Mr. Cressman has written what is, in large measure, an operational history of Ranger, her crew and her air department at some expense to a definition of the genesis and design of the ship. Otherwise, there must be little in the career of this extraordinarily active vessel which escapes the author's account. In addition, the book is supplemented with over 250 pictures which depict every stage of Ranger's carreer with equal emphasis upon man, machine and event.
The reader is provided with a virtual who's who and what's what of early USN aviation and the development of the US naval air arm in the 1930's. Cheerfully welcomed by planners, officers and pilots alike, Ranger was instrumental in defining and developing doctrine which provided a basis and broad outline for the operational employment of aircraft carriers and aircraft in the coming war. The reader will find a virtual travelogue of naval aviation and experimentation which is lively by comparison with drier recitations found in more conventional histories. Especially emphasized are the operations of the various airgroups and individual aircraft which flew from Ranger's deck.
Ranger's wartime employment is not overlooked by any means. She was quite profitably employed in the Atlantic where she found herself opposed by Vichy and German forces alike. It is a great testimony to her crew and her air groups that so much was accomplished in North Africa and Norway against an often resourceful and enterprising foe. While scarcely on the scale of Pacific operations, Ranger nevertheless acquitted herself well and Cressman's narrative is both exciting and informative. Especially interesting are the numerous photographs found in this section showing air-to-air and air-to-surface action. Cressman's efforts in supplying his book with well-rounded and fresh photography is a particularly encouraging development challenging future historians to similar efforts at providing the reader with something more than the same stale stable of photography.
As noted above, this is no design history but Mr. Cressman does reveal the very serious shortcomings of Ranger and why she was never transferred to combat in the Pacific. While many wonder why, and others speculate that she would have fared well against the Japanese, Cressman's account spares little concerning Ranger's weaknesses. In short, the hostile environment of the Pacific in 1942 would have presented a distinct and serious threat to Ranger. Among other points, Ranger was hampered by elevator characteristics, a weak flight deck, vulnerable gasoline storage, a lack of stability, poor sea handling qualities and weak construction. As Admiral Gerald Bogan pointed out in reference to planned modifications, Ranger would probably be lost to a single torpedo hit and would likely have broken in two following a torpedo hit amidships. This was, as Cressman writes, "...a fact of life..." for Ranger and known throughout the Navy. In this regard, it is amazing how superior the following USS Wasp was on virtually the same tonnage.
By 1944 Ranger was relegated to duty as a training carrier but again she acquitted herself well. Eventually she would record over 92,000 landings, an impressive amount and testimony to the needs of the fleet she served so well. But with the arrival of massive wartime construction and post war cutbacks it was inevitable that the old warrior would head for the breakers. And there her career ended. Yet Robert Cressman has ably brought Ranger and her achievements back to life. As with all of Mr. Cressman's works this book is highly recommended for those who enjoy an authoritative and entertaining read. By all means purchase this book, you will not regret it.
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The USS Ranger (CV-4) was the U.S. Navy's first aircraft carrier to be built assuch from the keel up. The RANGER helped maintain the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration's Good Neighbor Policy, served as a platform for the development of new methods for the operation of carriers and carrier aircraft, continued the Navy's work in cold-weather flight operations, pioneered director-controlled antiaircraft fire, and trained many naval aviators. During World War II, the Ranger occupied center stage in Operation Torch (against the Vichy French positions in North Africa in 1942) and Operation Leader (against German shipping in 1943), which was the Navy's only carrier operation above the Arctic Circle during the war. In both instances, the ship's air group faced the requirement to hit legitimate military targets while minimizing civilian casualties, a problem the United States would confront again in later conflicts. Robert J.Cressman's emphasis on the human element in both peace and war reinforces his observation that carriers, like people, have multifaceted personalities, represented by not only the ship and its company but also the air group for which it serves as a home.
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